The Supreme Court And Government By The People Essays -

The Supreme Court And Government By The People Jason I. Explain the distinction between substance and process and the importance of the distinction for the issues discussed in this course. ?Over the past few years?the court?holding that henceforth, before it can be determined that you Are entitled to ?due process? at all, and thus necessarily before it can be decided what process is ? due,? you must show that what you have been deprived of amounts to a ?liberty interest? or perhaps a ?property interest.? (Ely, p.19) Just as a skilled magician will deliberately show his empty top hat to the audience right before he pulls a rabbit out by its ears, so was judicial review pulled out of thin air. Judicial review has opened the floodgates of substantive procedures in the courts, which refer to content based decisions made by judges, as a tool employed in matters of judicial review and has become the dominant means of legislating in areas which would not otherwise be open to legal re-interpretation. In essence substance refers to the ability and right of judges to employ their own values in rendering decisions concerning a case at hand or in the past, reflecting a non-interpretivist approach to legislating. Such decisions are grounded in the Substantive Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (a doctrine created by Justice Taney in the Dred Scott case itself derived from the Fifth amendment), which ostensibly provides citizens protection from the state governments. Substance also refers to moral ity and decisions based on natural law as opposed to positivism. Process is at the heart of democracy because it reflects the legitimate method by which a community can enact laws in a system of representative democracy; to that end, the principal virtue of a process oriented political system is its independence of concurrent political, moral, or societal pressures. These issues are obviously paramount in studying social reform and the role of the courts (judges) as legislators or guardians of correct legislative practice. #2 Explain Ely's account of prejudice and the role it plays in his theory of judicial review. ?So stereotypes, at least in the ordinary sense of that term, are the inevitable stuff of legislation.?(Ely, p.156) Ely describes prejudice as a ?lens distorting reality,? that ?blinds us to overlapping interests which in fact exist.? In reference to the treatment of minorities and blacks in particular, prejudice in the legislative levels of government is the basis of laws which put a minority group without adequate, if any representation or voice at a disadvantage without reference to some worthy social goal and at the judicial level implies a consensus of ?solicitude' among the judiciary toward such ?discrete? and ?insular? groups within society. The other type of prejudice involves ?suspicious classifications,' or stereotypes that may disadvantage groups but still is within the boundaries of democracy; this type of classification is considered harmful by Ely when we consider the presence of undue stereotypes that are discovered in previous acts of legislation. Ely asserts a more interperetivist approach although he concedes the practical implausibility of such an approach because of the inabili ty of the constitution to forsee all possible situations. In the final analysis, Ely thinks in a representative democracy laws should agree with those values which are fundamental in the constitution (and surrounding historical documents) and which obligates, without undue discrimination obligates all to obey, despite a plurality of perspectives. Finally, Ely offers up that because matters of racial, sexual, moral and other prejudices are essentially primae facia in terms of what constitutes discrimination, a process-based model for the Supreme Court would be optimal, the only difficult being hard cases. #3 Explain Dworkin's critique of Ely's theory. ?In qny case, judicial review of the political processes only polices democracy; it does not seek to override it as judicial review of substance does?My point in this essay is that both ways end in failure, and in the same sort of failure.? (Dworkin, p.34) Dworkin called Ely's Democracy and Distrust ?interesting? and he obviously saw some merit in Ely's claims; however, Dworkin analyzed Ely's four main assertions and accepted only the first (that judicial review should be concerned with process legislation rather than the substantive decisions made by judges). Dworkin disagreed with Ely on his second

Free sample - A sound mind in a sound body. translation missing

A sound mind in a sound body. A sound mind in a sound bodyHuman Resource Management. A contemporary world arena of business making continuously watches an incessant competition race among contestants. They pursue the goals of getting profits and taking a prevailing position in a particular business field. No doubt, each company focuses on reaching success which is hard to imagine without leadership. It is true to assume that the dominance in the world market place requires huge resources involvement. Thus, the shareholders having invested in the company’s prosperity expect the ‘harvest’ to be visible and tangible. So, in this connection we speak about the feedback that the investing participants are eager to see. Here it is relevant to consider the paramount importance of the company’s human resource management (HRM), since it is the human resources (HR) that bring along the company’s exuberance. The personnel being the integral parts of the whole profit making machine comprise the ‘motive force’ that can’t be neg lected. In addition, the workforce is commonly quite varied, thus the HRM is supposed to apply a smart diverse managing program referring to and taking into account the employee-concerned factors. Such factors include race, gender, age issues. With the hindsight we may assert that the above mentioned aspects used to and still to some extent continue to be a sticking point on the way to individual recognition at workplace and field of activity. Hence the company’s management policy resorts to certain regulations in leveling inequalities when evaluating the personnel potential and proficiency. So, in 1960’ emerges the notion of ‘affirmative action’ aimed at minimizing and eventually eliminating the prejudiced attitude to the employees for the recruitment process to be regardless of race, religion, origin, gender etc. Thereby, on the grounds of this idea special affirmative action programs (AAP) became to be developed to provide equal   opportunities for such groups as minorities, women, disabled people, veterans (Berkley Lab, 2010, Oct 26). However, why was such practice in human resource management perceived in different ways? Perhaps we should mind that each notion, idea, process in our world faces diverse opinions and there can be arguments both ‘for’ and ‘against’. The AAP enclosed into the managerial policy evoked a dual response as well. One of the points to say ‘NO’ is a financial side of the matter, since the program presupposes expenses. Not the least of the aspects appears to be a complicated and long-term cultivation of the non-discrimination-prone standpoint and attitude. Still let’s analyze whether the game is worth the candle. Should the companies be obsessed only with revenues and ignore the role of the individuals and their direct impact on the business development? It’s a pure delusion to exploit human resources as soul-absent money-making mechanisms. As a matter of fact, the sound environment and fair non-biased approach to people is a substantially essential aspect of the company’s well-being, since the staff in such conditions w ill demonstrate loyalty and effective productivity. Moreover, even today and in the future perspective the company is likely to gain respect and acknowledgement for the efforts to adhere and spread the idea of equality. Thus, the company’s sound system – ‘body’ is sure to have a sound ‘mind’ – company’s human resources. So, maybe that is the key to success. References Aclu position paper. Affirmative Action (2000) European Academy of Legal Theory. Brussels. Affirmative Action Program (2002-2003) Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory. Affirmative Action Program (2010, October 26)

Application Of Types Of Lubricant

Application Of Types Of Lubricant A lubricant is a substance (often a liquid) introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce the friction between them, improving efficiency and reducing wear. They may also have the function of dissolving or transporting foreign particles and of distributing heat. Basically there are many types of lubricants; solid lubricant, liquid lubricant and gaseous lubricant. They have their own purpose and application. They are as follows: Purposes: Almost all the Lubricants perform the following key functions. Keep moving parts apart Reduce friction Transfer heat Carry away contaminants often it is made from a mineral oil and a soap. It may be applied in various ways: by packing enclosed parts with it, by pressing it onto moving parts from an adjacent well, by forcing it through grease cups by a spring device, and by pumping it through pressure guns. Solid lubricants are especially useful at high and low temperatures, in high vacuums, and in other applications where oil is not suitable; co mmon solid lubricants are graphite and molybdenum disulfide. Application of Liquid Lubricants Liquid lubricants may be characterized in many different ways. One of the most common ways is by the type of base oil used. Following are the most common types. Lanolin (wool grease, natural water repellant) Water Mineral oils Vegetable (natural oil) Synthetic oils Other liquids Mechanical devices to supply lubricants are called lubricators. A simple form of lubricator is a container mounted over a bearing or other part and provided with a hole or an adjustable valve through which the lubricant is gravity-fed at the desired rate of flow. Wick-feed oilers are placed under moving parts, and by pressing against them they feed oil by capillary action. Horizontal bearings are frequently oiled by a rotating ring or chain that carries oil from a reservoir in the bearing housing and distributes it along the bearing through grooves or channels. Bath oiling is useful where an oil-tight reservoir can be provided in which the bearing journal may be submerged; the pool of oil helps to carry away heat from contact surfaces. Splash-oiling devices are used where gears, bearings, or other parts contained in housings have moving parts that dip into the lubricant and splash it on the bearings or into distribution channels. Centralized oiling systems usually consist of a reservoir, pump, and tubes through which oil is circulated, while heaters or coolers may be introduced to change the viscosity of the lubricant for various parts of the system. Many oiling operations are automatically synchronized to start and stop with the machinery.

The Nature of Firms in Different Economic Systems Essay

The Nature of Firms in Different Economic Systems - Essay Example d by the market share (or market power) it possesses, number of other sellers in the industry, nature of market demand faced by the firm, price mechanism followed and the target market served (Plesch and Blakenburg, 2008). Variation in some or all of these factors creates different types of firms. Some of these factors are internal to the firm while others are related to the external environment of the firm. Customer purchase behaviour (or customer preferences) is the chief external factor that affects the operations of the firm. The pattern of exchange of goods and services and transaction of knowledge (referring to symmetry or asymmetry of information in the market structure) also determines the types of firms in different markets. It influences the production pattern of the firm and also reflects the kind of profit enjoyed by the firm. Nature of firms in different types of economic systems Some economists distinguish each type of economic system from one another according to the c oncept of economic surplus. While various types of economic systems have been prevailing in different periods of time in history, only a small number of economic systems have played significant role in the shaping up of productive units in the economy. In the current global economy, three different market systems are can be distinguished from one another (Plesch and Blakenburg, 2007). Since the characteristics of each of these economies vary, it indicates that the type of firm that operates in these economies would not be the same. The types of economic structures have been elaborated below with reference to the type of firm that can operate in these economic systems. The first kind of economic system is market economy. In this type of economy, the market acts as the prime economic thrust.... This essay offers comprehensive analysis of varying role of firms in different economic systems. The nature of firm is highly integrated with the nature of the economy in which the firm operates Different forces might lead to resource allocation in an economy. Depending on factors such as availability and allocation of raw materials, changing preferences of customers, culture and tradition of the economy and basic infrastructure; the missions and short and long term goals of the firms are decided. The economic system of a nation refers to the system of allocating the resource endowment of the country among the different activities taking place within the country. In this process, resources are allocated to firms for making productive activities. These resources act as the factors of production for the firm. In the current world economy, three different types of economic systems can be identified. These are command economy, market economy and mixed economy The nature of firms is not a constant attribute . It varies depending on certain internal as well as certain external factors. Economic system can run without intervention from any other individual or agency. Supply in the economy is adjusted to the demand created by consumers, or in other words, production is adjusted consumption. The process in which a firm operates in the economy, according to scholars, is elastic and automatic . All firms in an economic system are coordinated by the price mechanism. Thus, they are integrated with the economic structure of the country

Week 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Week 8 - Essay Example One needsto take protein on daily basis(Clark 143). It is not advisable to take an ideal training diet, for instance, taking a limited number times food rich in proteins limited number of times and taking regularly pasta, bagels, and energy bars. 20 to 25 grams of protein during each meal before sleeping at night is ideal for building muscle since they provide a continuous supply of amino acid responsible for muscle building. Sport drinks are not the best way to replace sodium loses from sweat. They comprise of little sodium balancing the loss of sweat. Instead, endurance sport drinks, food sprinkled with salt and snacks containing salt, for instance, V8 juice, olive, and pickles offer a better choice. A target ranging from 250 to 500nmilligram of sodium perhour should be maintained. However, tablets such as Endurolytes merely supply 40 milligrams in one tablet(Clark 167).This fact enables a person exploit other ways of replacing sodium. Exercising with an empty stomach athletes burn extra fats.It is not always true that a person gets slimmer but reducing the amount of calories taken reduces whether they burn carbohydrates or fats during the exercise or they do not(Clark 180). An athlete eating pre-exercise refreshments will have an ability to exercise more, more calories burned and finally losing more body

Community Illness Solution Essay Example for Free

Community Illness Solution Essay There has been an odd rise in similar and extensive illnesses in not only adults but children as well. This is becoming quite a concern for many of the residents in this community because that just means a rise in their chances of catching the illness to. If our community does not resolve the problem as soon as possible it will continue to spread and possibly affect the entire community. Upon further investigation into the reasoning or cause of this problem, I have found a legitimate reason why this is happening. I have discovered that the cause may be from the gas company’s malpractices either before the community came together or sometime afterwards. I found my reasoning by keeping an open mind and investigated any and every possibility there could be. The gas companies practices are the only issue I have found that could cause a problem such as the one in our community. As well, once I found that reasoning I looked also into the illnesses and what could have possibly caused them, and again I found that the problem with the gas company is the root cause for the illnesses. I have begun to spread the word about my discovery to make everyone in the community aware of the issue that has led to our problem. I believe that with the strength of our entire community we can unite and fight for our justice against the gas company who has caused our community such a great problem. My first idea in the fight for our justice is to go straight to the gas company and explain our findings and demand them to do something about the issue to help fix the problem. If our community cannot seem to meet an agreement with the gas company, I say we take it to a higher level. We need to possibly approach the mayor of our town or even the court system if we must. We need to keep our viewpoints open and not stick to what we think is going to resolve the problem because one idea may not instantly resolve our problem. We not only need to resolve the issue with the gas company, but need to find ways to help the families that have been plagued with the illness. I believe our community can set up a fundraiser of some sort to help raise money for the hospital bills and such that are a result of the illness. If our community does nothing about this problem we are never going to grow or thrive because no one beyond current residents will move here knowing of this plaguing illness. That would be horrible for our economy in this community, and we cannot just accept this problem. I believe we need to just go head to head with the problem and resolve it as a community. If we do not do anything our community is going to look weak and we will look like we gave up or that we are just a bunch of quitters. I won’t allow that to happen.

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Essays -- English Literature Essays

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Your memories are your treasures, an accumulated amount of wealth that under extreme conditions remind you of the past and define the present, if it be good or bad. A picture for example, is a frame captured in the moving animation of time and is frequently regarded as being worth a thousand words. If one single frame, one dimension, one moment, something so short it can’t even be expressed by time, be valued as a thousand words. Then take into consideration a memory, something which takes into account of all sense, takes consideration to time, mind, emotion and thought, something that has infinite value and is only second to the present and by all means of ever so advancing technology has yet to be mimicked. Yet there is one device that has this ability and has been used for thousands of years, literature. A narrow mined answer would probably be poetry, but even with the extremities of poetry to allow such powerful passages of events; basic literature is still the foundation for every other category including poetry. It works by your mind building the â€Å"memory†, which in turns becomes yours. Your newly acquired memory is unique in itself and nobody else shares it the same. Something that is felt through William Wordsworth’s â€Å"I wandered lonely as a cloud† and expresses such extreme emotion but does in such a manner that allows the reader to evaluate there need for such a place, a place to come back to, to look into their mind and to reminisce th...

Data Link Case Study

The Importance of Data Link Communication in Aviation Matthew D. Palmer Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Abstract This paper explores the importance of data link communication in aviation. The importance of these systems and their positive outcomes to the aviation world are also covered. Authorities such as the Federal Aviation Administration, EuroControl, and military departments will be used to show different aspects of data links importance. The importance of each department and its specific use of data link systems is defined and elaborated on.Though each specific department varies its use of the system, the aviation world is becoming safer as they progress their programs. The importance of Data Link Communication in Aviation Numerous studies have been conducted on the importance of data link communication and its application in aviation transportation. These studies are international and include all regions of airspace on the planet. Data link programs have proven effective in the areas of safety, efficiency, and military applications. Data link communication is the means of connecting one location to another for the purpose of transmitting and receiving information.The aircraft flight management system gathers important flight information and transmits this information to ATC. This information is called a downlink. Once the information is organized by ground controllers, it sends navigation information to the aircraft to provide weather information and a safe flight path to its destination. This is called an uplink. Data link systems use a program called ACARS to send information. ACARS is a digital data system using the aircrafts VHF radio to communicate with operators using bursts of data. The aviation world is quickly expanding with growth and technological advancement.Data link systems have proven highly effective in increasing safety for airlines, air cargo operations, defense aviation, and leisure aviation. Safety is an immense priority for all aviation authorities. Data link systems have the ability to send information to pilots without worrying about interfering static, high communication volume, or dead spots. The system is ergonomically designed to be user friendly. Data is easily accessible and has a simultaneous send rate. As data link systems progress, they’re creating a more efficient way to travel or transport via aviation.Organizations such as EuroControl have already started using data link systems for their efficiency. EUROCONTROL's mission is to harmonize and integrate air navigation services in Europe, aiming at the creation of a uniform air traffic management (ATM) system for civil and military users, in order to achieve the safe, secure, orderly, expeditious and economic flow of traffic throughout Europe, while minimizing adverse environmental impact. (SkyBrary, 2012) Now that flight plans are more closely monitored, EuroControl can set navigation plans in a â€Å"straight-line† formation.This will greatly save the airlines fuel, money, and travel time to and from destinations. Military organizations of the world also greatly rely on data link communication. By using encrypted data link messages, ground controllers can easily identify if an aircraft is an enemy or ally. Certain military data link applications such as Blue Force Tracker, and Hawklink, are used by NATO forces to send and interpret classified flight information. Pilots using Blue Force Tracker are able to send messages to ground controllers and other aircraft through an electronic knee board.The CDL Hawklink solution is a high speed, air-to-surface, digital data link that transmits data, imagery, electronic support measures, communications, and radar information gathered by the helicopter’s sensors to be multiplexed and transmitted in excess of 100 nm, at a rate of 10. 71 and 21. 42 megabits per second, to the host ship via the Ku-band link. (Harris Aviation, 2012). Both of these systems are extremel y effective to their users while conducting combat operations. In conclusion, data link programs have proven effective in the areas of safety, efficiency, and military applications.As these programs continue to advance, ground controllers can help reduce the frequency of potential accidents and incidents. References European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation. (2012). retrieved September 30 2012, from http://www. skybrary. com Web Site: http://www. skybrary. com. aero/index. php/EUROCONTROL Ku-band Tactical Common Data Link (TCDL) Hawklink System—MH-60R LAMPS Helicopter. (2012). Retrieved September 30, 2012, from http://www. govcomm. harris. com Web Site: http://www. govcomm. harris. com/solutions/products/000074. asp

Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 26

I spent the night at the lake again, but this time I didnt sleep. Instead I sat along the bank, listening to the world hum around me as though I was an audience member at a musical show. Frogs croaked melodically, blowing out their chests with proud puffs. Fish swam to the lakes surface to gulp down the water bugs that hovered there, then dived back down to the depths with soft flips of their tails. Birds flew overhead in V formation, and small animals rustled through the reeds, chasing one another as they ferreted out their next meal. Then came the grand finale as the sun, an enormous, watery orb, rose to its place of prominence in the sky, signaling that it was the all-powerful king and Earth was its subject. As I sat there, watching the one thing that could kill me in an instant if it werent for the ring Katherine gave me, a sense of calm rippled through my body. The world was beautiful and magical and I was lucky to still have a place in it. Grabbing a perfectly round, flat stone, I stood and looked out over the water. I closed my eyes.If it skips four times, everything will be okay.Then I let the stone soar. It skipped once twice three times â€Å"Four skips! Impressive!† a voice cheered, followed by enthusiastic clapping. I turned around just as Callie leaped into my arms. â€Å"Youre in a good mood,† she said with a smile. â€Å"I am. And its all thanks to you.† She tucked her arm through mine. â€Å"In that case, I know just how you can thank me!† I felt her pulse beating through my coat, and her blood smelled nearly irresistible. But the stone had skipped four times, so I bent down to kiss her. Callie and I spent all day together, and then I slept at the lake again. When I arrived home the following day at dusk, I found a pile of clothes, including the black trousers and gray coat Id modeled for Lexi, on the floor outside my room. On top of the pile was a note, written in block handwriting. Follow your heart. You're lucky you still have one. I scooped the bundle up into my arms, touched, relieved, and a little bit sad all at once. I changed into a blue chambray shirt and white trousers and slicked my hair back in the mirror. I looked like any young man preparing for a rendezvous with a pretty girl. I just wished it were that simple. I crept down the stairs, waiting for someone to jump out of the shadows to stop me–to tell me my plan would never work. But I made it all the way down and then through the kitchen and out the backdoor without that happening. Once outside, I walked the two miles to Laurel Street with my hands in my pockets, whistling the strains of â€Å"God Save the South.† I paused to pick a white magnolia from a bush in front of a peach-colored mansion at the bottom of Callies street. â€Å"Stefan!† an urgent whisper came from behind the tree at the bottom of the Gallagher driveway. Callie stepped into view. Her hair was loose and flowing down her back, and she was wearing a white nightdress trimmed in eyelet lace, just like the first time Id seen her, except that this time she was standing close enough to me that I could see that although she was wearing a heavy gray woolen shawl, she wasnt wearing a petticoat. I turned away, suddenly shy. â€Å"Stefan,† Callie murmured, brushing my arm with her fingers. â€Å"Are you ready?† â€Å"Yes,† I said. I took the flower and tucked it behind her ear. She smiled. â€Å"Youre such a gentleman.† â€Å"And youre beautiful,† I responded, reaching out to push a strand of hair behind her ear. Her tresses were as soft as rose petals and smelled of honey. I wanted to stay there forever, watching her breath form puffs of air in front of me. â€Å"Callie † I began, when the bells of a distant church chimed suddenly into the frosty air. Twelve bells. Midnight. The witching hour. â€Å"Its time,† Callie said. â€Å"Jaspers shift lasts until twelve thirty, but I can tell him youre there to relieve him early. That will buy us some time. Once the second guard shows up, youll be long gone. But we have to hurry.† She sounded very sure of herself, but her trembling lip gave away her emotions. I wanted to throw my arms around her, tuck her into bed, and whisper â€Å"sweet dreams† in her ear. But I, a vampire, was relying on this child to protect me. Callie knit her fingers together as if in silent prayer. Then she nodded and gave me a wan smile. â€Å"Dont be scared,† she said, pressing her palm into mine. But I could feel her heart thumping at a gallop from the pulse points in her palm. She led me through the iron gates and around the gravel driveway, and opened a nondescript door on the side of the house. â€Å"Be quiet,† Callie commanded, as my eyes adjusted to the dark. Unlike the rest of the house, with its polished marble and gleaming oak, this entrance was strictly utilitarian, designed for servants to have easy access to the storage space in the attic without disturbing the residents of the house. A steep staircase, made of unfinished walnut beams, loomed in front of us. Callie cocked her head, listening for something. I followed suit, although my thoughts were buzzing too loudly for me to hear specific words. Suddenly, I heard a scraping sound from the floor above us. Callie glanced at me; shed heard it as well. â€Å"Jasper,† Callie explained. â€Å"We should go up.† She walked up the rickety steps, as I followed quickly behind her. Once we got to the cracked, whitewashed door, she knocked–two quick raps followed by a pause, then a longer one. A lock clicked, and then we heard the scratch of metal against metal as Jasper undid the bolt. Finally, he opened the door, wedging his body next to the edge so we couldnt see inside. â€Å"Well, well, well. Callie and the man who staked the vampire, then ran for his life. To what do we owe the pleasure?† Jasper leered. I shifted uncomfortably, trying to get a glimpse inside the room. â€Å"Hello, Jasper,† Callie said, brushing past him and motioning for me to follow. In the darkness, I could just make out a sizable cage in the corner. A large, unmoving lump lay inside. â€Å"Father needs you in the study. Stefan will take over until the next shift arrives.† â€Å"Meet Jasper in the study?† a loud voice boomed. â€Å"But Im right here.† I froze.Gallagher. Callies father was perched at a rickety table behind the door, a hand of cards laid out in front of him. In the center of the table, a single candle flickered. â€Å"Oh, Father.† Callie giggled. The sound felt forced, out of place. â€Å"I must have been confused. I know youd wanted to play cards tonight, and I suppose I thought youd be more comfortable in the study or † she began, her voice wavering. She licked her lips and sat down at the table across from Gallagher. â€Å"Youre kind to think of me, girl,† Gallagher said gruffly. â€Å"Mr. Gallagher,† I said, bowing slightly. â€Å"I was told to report for duty, but perhaps Im mistaken?† The confusion wasnt hard to feign. Callie had sworn her father would be out of the house. â€Å"Is that right, Jasper?† Gallagher asked. â€Å"Guess it is. He aint bad, that one. A little nervous, but when he sticks em, he sticks em good.† Gallagher nodded, taking in the information. â€Å"And this is that boy you trust, Miss Callie?† Gallagher asked his daughter. Callie nodded, her cheeks reddening under her freckles. Then finally, thankfully, Gallagher stood up, his chair scraping against the floor. â€Å"Well, then, Ill leave you boys to it,† he said, taking his whiskey and following his daughter downstairs. â€Å"So youre Gallaghers guy now, aint you?† Jasper asked, shoving a vervain-soaked stake in my hands. My skin burned, and pain shot through my arms. I fought the urge to growl and clamped down on my tongue. Tensing, I felt the stake with only two fingers, trying to minimize the contact the poisoned wood had with my body. â€Å"Well, I aint going to stick around,† Jasper continued. â€Å"The vampires hungry tonight. Hope he eats you. And while he does that, Im going to spend some time with Miss Callie and her daddy. Show em youre not the only man who can be all friendly and genteel-like,† Jasper said. His movements were loose, and I could smell whiskey on his breath. â€Å"Brother?†I whispered. Damon reared up, fangs bared, causing me to jump back in surprise. He laughed, a hoarse chuckle, then collapsed against the side of the cage, exhausted from the exertion. â€Å"What, brother? Scared of a vampire?† I ignored him as I began wresting the door off the structure. Damon watched in curiosity and then slowly crawled over toward me. He was just reaching out when I felt a searing pain radiate from my spine through my entire body. â€Å"Gotcha!† a voice yelled.

Parallel Learning Structures Essays

Parallel Learning Structures Essays Parallel Learning Structures Paper Parallel Learning Structures Paper Merrell, Monk, and Pace, the organizational development consultant team of UOP, offers professional services in the area of organizational development intervention strategies. As a team, we assist organizations in their change initiatives through the introduction of an innovative process. Many factors drive the need for change within an organization, such as maintaining a competitive edge by meeting the needs of the changing market or rebounding from a downward trend in productivity. Merrell, Monk, and Pace UOP are able to meet these needs through a pooled knowledge base which encompasses effective strategies that combine the power of human resource creativity and expertise with operational processes. Teetering on the brink of seizure or privatization, the superintendent of said school district has procured the organizational development consultant group of Merrell, Monk, and Pace UOP to recommend and implement a strategy that will revolutionize the schools within the timeframe of a year. Currently, all the schools in the district, with the exception of one, has for two consecutive years received failing marks in meeting the requirements of the No Child Left Behind federal initiative. Immediate action is needed to address and remedy the known issues of student academic failure, non-parental involvement, oversized classrooms, extra-curricular work overload on the teaching staff, support staff demoralization et cetera in order to create an environment focused on student achievement. Having assessed the school districts current dilemma, Merrell, Monk, and Pace, propose the intervention strategy of parallel learning structures. Parallel structures help people break free of the normal constraints imposed by the organization, engage in genuine inquiry and experimentation, and initiate needed changes (humtech.com/opm/grtl/ols/ols6.cfm). Parallel learning groups are comprised of individuals with various backgrounds or expertise that operate via minimal to no supervision within an existing hierarchical structure. These groups do not follow the traditional bureaucratic design of change management within the existing organization but instead are designed to operate parallel to the existing structure or organizational design. It is expected that all participants openly contribute, without fear or organizational retaliation, to identify issues and implement change. Case study evidence on the success of this strategy has been said to include improved productivity and decision making; employee satisfaction; and organizational effectiveness (humtech.com/opm/grtl/ols/ols6.cfm) Methodology  Participants Our participants are made up of the support staff (custodians, bus drivers, cafeteria workers, etc), teachers, parents, and school administration (principals, vice-principals, guidance counselors, and deans) and student leaders from the targeted school district. Our approach will allow for each and every member of each group to be equally represented. According to Zand (1974) such units are considered to be pilot groups or experimental units. For our purposes all such units can be thought of as parallel systems similar to a Research and Development group in a large corporation (Zand, 1974). Since this is a vast endeavor covering the entire school district, each level of school officials, affiliates, associates and student representatives will be included in the implementation of the interventions first phase of gathering information on the schools districts successes, failures, concerns and issues. The number of participants is undetermined because it is important that each person in the school district have an opportunity to be represented. Secondly, a selected group of representatives from each subgroup will work with Monk, Merrell and Pace UOP to devise a strategy by which to develop a parallel system that can be free to create, be innovative and rely on their expertise and proven research in order to recommend changes in the school districts systems and functioning. Furthermore, our endeavor will seek to utilize a group of the best teachers (as recommended by the administration) to form a quality circle of lead teachers that will serve as the core of our proposed pa rallel system that will represent teachers. Support staff will be selected by an equally empowered entity or method (i.e. Union representatives, professional associations et cetera). The support staff will address their issues in a similar but separate forum with each person having an opportunity to voice their concerns and share their insights. Likewise, the parent group will be comprised of parents from the school district. Participants for the parent group are expected to be from the Parent Teachers Association and other similar community organizations. Our group thought it was also imperative to include student representatives in this project and have therefore allocated a forum by which students can share their insights and offer information regarding their schooling experiences. To support the validity of our approach and intervention each person will have a voice in identifying the problems and concerns that the parallel systems quality circle leads will address. How the Project Will Begin As with any intervention our group has approached the problem facing the school district by first researching and reviewing existing organizational development interventions, literature and research. More specifically, our group examined different interventions that could apply to the needs of our targeted school district. Based on research cited in this paper, parallel learning structures would decrease resistance to change through developing a parallel system and fostering an environment of creativity and innovation in an existing organization that is collectively failing according to certain prescribed standards in the No Child Left Behind initiative. Parallel structures help people break free of the normal constraints imposed by the organization, engage in genuine enquiry and experimentation, and initiate needed changes (French and Bell, 1999). They provide a mechanism to facilitate innovation in large bureaucratic organizations where the forces of inertia, hierarchical communication patterns, and standard ways of addressing problems inhibit learning, innovation and change (Bushe and Shani, 1991). Therefore it is paramount that Merrell, Monk and Pace approach this endeavor in a scientific manner. Generally speaking our group will first gather the appropriate information; analyze the data; publish our findings; select our group participants to help address the issues and concerns; make recommendations for change in the school district; and then allow the parallel systems to implement those recommendations within the context of their respective organizations hierarchy. To monitor the progress and effectiveness of the initiative the project will utilize a pre-test and post-test format with regularly scheduled evaluations throughout the school year. Our method will first select and identify participants for our parallel systems called leads (synonymous with group leaders) who are individuals or groups from the representative organizational sub-groups. As consultants, we deem it necessary to also include administration in these change procedures, as their support of change management is vital to the continued success in the No Child Left Behind requirements. However, with parallel learning structures, we understand that the role of the parallel system works in tandem with the existing hierarchy and school structure but is virtually independent in its decision making and implementation of change processes and innovations. In order to receive decreased resistance to change and foster an environment of creativity and innovation as prescribed by the parallel learn structures approach, it is paramount that teacher, administrator, support staff member, parent and other school affiliates have a voice in some manner through a quality circles process. Quality circles are an example of parallel learning structures which have a primary focus on improving quality (Deming, 1986). Quality circles generally consist of volunteers who meet regularly to analyze and make suggestions about their concerns. Given the short time constraint our quality circles will include information gathered from various sources (i.e. surveys, group meetings, email, personal contact et cetera).

Reagan Revolution through President Obama Research Paper

Reagan Revolution through President Obama - Research Paper Example Regan’s deregulation movement saw privatization of transport and industrial sectors which benefit Americans to date. On current matters, the nation's decision to go to war with Afghanistan and Iraq after the 9/11 attacks was based on allegations by the Bush administration which did not receive support from the international community. Reagan Revolution through President Obama In his farewell speech, Ronald Regan talked of his experience as the United States president and how revolutionary those years were; hence the term Regan Revolution. His revolution has been on numerous debates with conservatives seeing him as a hero while liberals still complain about what he ruined and what he changed. Nonetheless, his legacy shaped and is still shaping American politics, culture, economics and diplomacy. All US presidents after Regan have looked up to his model of presidential leadership. During one of his democratic campaigns in Nevada in 2008, current president, Barrack Obama recogniz ed the achievements of the Regan revolution. This is a clear indication that Obama contemplated on following Regan’s footsteps in bringing change to America (Troy, 2004). This paper discusses how president Obama brought about the Regan revolution. ... Fourthly, giving examples, the paper explains how the deregulation movement of the Reagan era affects Americans today. Lastly, it discusses the reasons behind the nation's decision to go to war with Afghanistan and Iraq, after the 9/11 attacks, as well as the response from the international community. Discussion There were significant historical turning points that occurred during the Regan regime. One is the privatization of companies and groups to provide services previously offered by the government. This was advantageous in that it reduced the governments’ size and direct influence in society. This also reduced expenses and bureaucracy in these aspects since private firms provide services at lower operational costs and increased efficiency than government agencies. The other historic turning point was the rebuilding of the weak military. Rebuilding of the military provided security for its people and made US a reliable ally and a superpower that can neutralize the Soviet a ggression and expansion (Troy, 2004). The AIDS epidemic was detected in the US in 1981 (Troy, 2004). Politicians did not respond to it and further associated it with homosexuals who they felt could be ignored. In 1981 Center for Disease Control published the first official document of the disease, but the government chose to ignore it and offered no support to the public. Medical breakthroughs occurred between 1986 and 1987, but people were frustrated over the length of time it took to improve access. Even with the availability of the drugs they were still not affordable. Signing of the HIV/AIDS Treatment Extension Act of October 2009 brought an improvement in the quality and availability of care, especially to the

Is cheating wrong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Is cheating wrong - Essay Example ntage in competitions it is considered to be violation of objective sports rules, because the results under dope aren’t the objective estimation of abilities of the sportsman’s body. That’s why dope-control was invented to make sports results objective, otherwise sports would have become a competition of the best dopes invented. Thinking about such global realms as politics cheating is even worse here. When we face with such thing as ballot-box stuffing on elections we always consider it as an outrage of human’s rights and the main principles of democracy. If a politician wins elections using illegal cheatings than lately his directory can lead to terrible consequences and the entire country can suffer. Any cheating is violation of the objective and moral principles established long time ago. If we start considering cheating as something normal it will mean that we allow people to do whatever they want. And when the forbidden principles become allowed it means that we lose the fringe between good and bad, which itself is very